Civil War - Royalist

Production dates, amounts, and estimated surviving examples are given for each mint. Estimates are based on an average 1–5% survival rate of coins of the period due to circulation, clipping, and melting so counts may vary from lists of known examples of specific issues.

Worcester

In operation from late 1643 to mid 1644. Issues are identified by a "W" mintmark (sometimes with a lion or castle) and crude late-war production. Original production is estimated at 800-1,500 coins with about 10-15 surviving. Issues include Halfcrowns, Shillings, and possibly Sixpences.

1644 Halfcrown minted in Worcester

CAROLVS D G MA BRIT FRAN ET HIB REX
Horseman.

EXVRGAT DEVS DISSIPENIVR INIMICI
Declaration.

S 3093. Fewer than 12 known to exist, most in museums (2025). Ex J.D. Cuff Col. (Sotheby's June 1854), A and E Wigan; Col. (which was purchased en bloc by Rollin & Feuardent in 1872), J.F. Neck Col. (acquired by H. Webb c.1884), H. Webb Col. (Sotheby's July 1894), H. Montagu Col. II (Sotheby,13 November 1896), Baldwins 1951, Frank Raphael Waley, OBE, MC, collection (1893-1987), Waley family by decent; dispersed via Baldwin's (2024).
1644 Halfcrown minted in Worcester

King on horseback left, horse's tail between legs and mane blown forward, small W below.

Square crowned shield.

JGB 1142, N 2587, S 3096. Castle mintmark (off flan).
1644 Halfcrown minted in Worcester

CAROLVS D G MAG BR FRAN ET H RX
Tall king on horseback left, mane blown forward, no marks below horse.

CHRISTO AVSPICE REGNO
Oval shield.

Bull 669/16, S 3100. Ex Thomas Bryan Clarke-Thornhill, Richard Cyril Lockett, Robert Lyall. No W or mintmark. Bull indicates only 7 known (2016).