Civil War - Royalist

Civil War - Royalist

Production dates, amounts, and estimated surviving examples are given for each mint. Estimates are based on an average 1–5% survival rate of coins of the period due to circulation, clipping, and melting so counts may vary from lists of known examples of specific issues.

Exeter

In operation from late 1643 to April 13, 1646 when the city surrendered following a siege. Issues are identified by an "Ex" mintmark, rose privy marks, and with dates from 1644-45 on the coins. Original production is estimated at 30,000-60,000 coins with about 400-800 surviving. Issues include Crowns, Halfcrowns, Shillngs, Sixpences, Groats, Threepences, Halfgroats, Pennies, gold Unites, Half-Unites and Crowns.

1644 Groat minted in Exeter

	Bust with IIII behind. Oval scroll-garnished shield.
S 3088.

1643-46 Halfcrown minted in Exeter

	Horseman with twisted tail. Oval scroll-garnished shield.
North 2550/1, S 3065. Rose mintmark. Ex Dr J Hulett, A. Morris.

1645 Crown minted in Exeter

	CAROLVS D G MAG BRI FRA ET HI REX King on horse, seated left, sash with two loose ends. CHRISTO AVSPICE REGNO Oval scroll-garnished shield.
North 2561, S 3062. Castle mintmark.

1645 Crown minted in Exeter

	CAROLVS D G MAG BRI FRA ET HI REX King on horseback, sash tied in large bow. CHRISTO AVSPICE REGNO Garnished shield of Royal Arms with twelve even scrolls.
Besly C16, SCBI Brooker 1036-7, North 2558, S 3059. Rose mintmark on obverse, Ex mintmark on reverse. Ex William N. Clarke. Roughly 12-16 Rose/Ex known (2026).